Any man who cares about their prostate gland’s health and to screen for prostate cancer, will be motivated to taking the essential step of scheduling an appointment to get a PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) test. But did you know certain activities and factors can influence your PSA levels and skew the results? To help ensure you get the most accurate test results, let’s dive into the PSA test, who should get it, and what you should avoid beforehand.
What is a PSA Test?
A PSA test is a simple and quick blood test that measures the level or amount of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a protein produced in the prostate gland. While small amounts of PSA in your blood are normal, higher levels can indicate prostate issues, such as cancer, an infection, or an enlarged prostate. It’s an important tool for early detection of prostate cancer and for monitoring the prostate’s health, especially for those already undergoing treatment.
What Can Cause Elevated PSA Levels?
PSA levels can rise for reasons other than cancer, including:
Because of these factors, PSA tests are often used alongside other screenings, such as a digital rectal exam (DRE) or, in some cases, a prostate biopsy to get a complete picture of your prostate health.
Who Should Consider a PSA Test?
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men, and early detection can significantly improve treatment outcomes. Generally, men over 50 should talk to their doctor about getting a PSA test, but there are other risk factors to consider:
Family history of prostate cancer
African American men, who are at higher risk
Smoking, being overweight or obesity, or leading a sedentary lifestyle
Consuming an unhealthy diet
What to Avoid Before a PSA Test
To get the most accurate results from your PSA test, there are a few things you should steer clear of in the days leading up to it:
1. Sexual Activity
Avoid ejaculation for at least 48 hours before your test. Ejaculation can temporarily elevate PSA levels, which might lead to misleading results.
2. Prostate Stimulation
Any kind of prostate stimulation, including through sexual activity or a prostate massage, can also raise your PSA levels. It’s best to avoid these activities for a few days before the test.
3. Vigorous Exercise
Exercises that put pressure on your prostate, such as cycling or heavy lifting, can affect PSA levels. Choose light activities like walking, and avoid strenuous exercises for at least 48 hours before your test.
4. Catheter Use
If you’ve been using a urinary catheter, talk to your doctor. Catheterization can increase PSA levels, so it might be worth timing your test accordingly.
5. Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)
A DRE is a common prostate exam, but it should be done after your PSA test, not before, as it can artificially raise your PSA levels. Your doctor will know how to schedule these tests to avoid interference.
Other Factors That Can Impact PSA Results
Infections: Your PSA might be elevated if you have a urinary tract infection (UTI) or other infections. Be sure to let your doctor know if you’re experiencing symptoms, as it might be better to delay the test.
Medications: Some medications, such as ibuprofen, statins, and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, can affect PSA levels. Provide your doctor with a list of medications you’re taking so they can interpret your results accurately.
When to Postpone Your PSA Test
If you’ve recently had a prostate biopsy, you should wait at least six weeks before taking a PSA test. Additionally, if you’re dealing with any urologic conditions, such as a UTI or urinary retention, it’s best to wait until those issues are resolved to avoid skewing your results.
Bottom Line
Your PSA test is an essential tool for keeping your prostate health in check, but to ensure the results are accurate, it’s important to know what to avoid beforehand. From sexual activity to vigorous exercise, being mindful of these factors will help provide more precise results, giving you and your doctor better insight into your prostate health. Always talk to your doctor if you have any questions about preparing for your test or if you have underlying conditions that might affect the results.Dr. David Samadiis the Director of Men’s Health and Urologic Oncology at St. Francis Hospital in Long Island. He’s a renowned and highly successful board-certified Urologic Oncologist Expert and Robotic Surgeon in New York City, regarded as one of the leading prostate surgeons in the U.S., with a vast expertise in prostate cancer treatment and Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy. Dr. Samadi is a medical contributor to NewsMax TV and is also the author of The Ultimate MANual, Dr. Samadi’s Guide to Men’s Health and Wellness, available online both on Amazon and Barnes & Noble. Visit Dr. Samadi’s websites at robotic oncology and prostate cancer 911.
